Sensitizing the Tumor Microenvironment to Immune Checkpoint Therapy
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
A Metabolic Immune Checkpoint: Adenosine in Tumor Microenvironment
Within tumors, some areas are less oxygenated than others. Since their home ground is under chronic hypoxia, tumor cells adapt to this condition by activating aerobic glycolysis; however, this hypoxic environment is very harsh for incoming immune cells. Deprivation of oxygen limits availability of energy sources and induces accumulation of extracellular adenosine in tumors. Extracellular adenos...
متن کاملCommentary: A Metabolic Immune Checkpoint: Adenosine in Tumor Microenvironment
Hypoxia (i.e., critically reduced oxygen levels) is present in most human tumors (1). Systematic studies on the oxygenation status in the clinical setting have shown that the existence of hypoxic/anoxic subvolumes is a pathophysiological trait in solid malignancies with complex spatial and temporal heterogeneities, both within and between tumors of the same type. For many years, tumor hypoxia h...
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The tumor microenvironment plays a critical role in cancer development, progression, and control. The molecular and cellular nature of the tumor immune microenvironment influences disease outcome by altering the balance of suppressive versus cytotoxic responses in the vicinity of the tumor. Recent developments in systems biology have improved our understanding of the complex interactions betwee...
متن کاملTumor Microenvironment Metabolism: A New Checkpoint for Anti-Tumor Immunity
When a T cell infiltrates a tumor, it is subjected to a variety of immunosuppressive and regulatory signals in the microenvironment. However, it is becoming increasingly clear that due to the proliferative and energetically-deregulated nature of tumor cells, T cells also operate at a metabolic disadvantage. The nutrient dearth of the tumor microenvironment (TME) creates "metabolic checkpoints" ...
متن کاملMonitoring immune responses in the tumor microenvironment.
Immune monitoring in the tumor microenvironment allows for important insights into immune mechanisms of response and resistance to various cancer treatments; however clinical challenges exist using current strategies. Significant questions remain regarding monitoring of archival versus fresh tissue, assessment of static versus dynamic markers, evaluation of limited tissue samples, and the trans...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Frontiers in Immunology
سال: 2020
ISSN: 1664-3224
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00223